Critically ill COVID-19 patients in northeast Brazil: mortality predictors during the first and second waves including SAPS 3.

BACKGROUND: The Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) 3 is a reliable score to predict mortality. This study aims to investigate the predictive values of SAPS 3 and other clinical parameters for death in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS: This is a prospective study in a tertiary hospital for patients who required intensive care due to COVID-19 infection in northeast Brazil. Two distinct groups were constructed according to the epidemiological data: first wave and second wave. The severity of patients admitted was estimated using the SAPS 3 score. RESULTS: A total of 767 patients were included: 290 were enrolled in the first wave and 477 in the second wave. Patients in the first wave had more comorbidities, were put on mechanical ventilation and required dialysis and vasopressors more frequently (p<0.05). During the second wave, non-invasive ventilation was more often required (p<0.05). In both periods, older patients and higher SAPS 3 scores on admission were associated with death (p<0.05). Non-invasive ventilation use showed a negative association with death only in the second wave period. In the first wave, the SAPS 3 score was more useful (area under the curve [AUC] 0.897) in predicting death in critically ill COVID-19 patients than in the second wave (AUC 0.810). CONCLUSION: The SAPS 3 showed very reliable predictive values for death during the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly together with kidney and pulmonary dysfunction.

Úlcera de Marjolin: revisão de literatura e relato de caso / Marjolin's Ulcer: literature review and report of a case / Úlcera de Marjolin: revisión de la Literatura y informe de caso clínico

Objetivo: Revisão narrativa de literatura e descrição de um caso de úlcera de Marjolin conduzido nas dependências do Hospital Escola Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi, enfatizando a conduta e evolução a partir da literatura e a adotada no caso abordado. Relato de Caso: Homem de 52 anos, com história de queimadura térmica em membro inferior direito há cerca de 25 anos, que evoluiu tardiamente com o aparecimento de lesão eritematosa, puntiforme e pruriginosa, tornando-se ulcerada e, posteriormente, úlcero-vegetante, com aumento progressivo e sem cicatrização, associada a dor e episódios de sangramento por traumas. Realizada biópsia incisional, o histopatológico confirmou tratar-se de carcinoma epidermoide bem diferenciado, desenvolvido em tecido cicatricial antigo. Foi realizada ressecção ampla da lesão, com enxertia local, sendo ainda necessária a realização de desbridamento no pós-operatório devido à necrose da enxertia. Conclusões: As lesões cicatriciais ou ulceradas crônicas que sofrem modificações no seu aspecto clínico evolutivo devem ser avaliadas como potencialmente carcinomatosas e as ulcerações com tendência à cronificação devem ser prontamente tratadas, com o emprego de enxerto, retalho ou até mesmo amputação se necessário. As áreas cicatriciais precisam sempre ser protegidas e deve-se sempre considerar o risco potencial de malignidade associada com úlceras venosas crônicas nos membros inferiores, realizando biópsias repetidas para descartar a possibilidade de transformação maligna. O paciente em questão necessitou de ressecção ampla da lesão, com enxertia local, a qual evoluiu com necrose no pós-operatório, sendo realizado desbridamento e curativos diários até que apresentasse recuperação e, posteriormente, cicatrização por segunda intenção.(AU)

Objective: A literature narrative review and description of a Marjolin ulcer case conducted at the Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi School Hospital, emphasizing the conduct and evolution from the literature and adopted in the case discussed. Case Report: 52 year old male, with a history of thermal burn in the lower right limb for about 25 years, who developed late with the onset of an erythematous, punctiform and pruritic lesion, becoming ulcerated and subsequently ulcer-creasing, progressive increase without healing, associated with pain and bleeding episodes due to trauma. An incisional biopsy was performed; the histopathological examination confirmed that it was a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, developed in old scar tissue. A wide resection of the lesion with local graft was performed, and postoperative debridement was still necessary due to the infectious complication. Conclusions: Scarring injuries or ulcerated chronic suffering changes in its evolving clinical aspect should be evaluated as potentially carcinomatous and ulcerations with a tendency to chronicity should be promptly treated with the use of graft, flap or even amputation if required. Scarring areas should be protected and should always consider the potential risk of malignancy associated with chronic venous ulcers of the lower limbs, and repeated biopsies should be performed to rule out the possibility of malignant transformation. The patient in question required extensive resection of the lesion with local graft, which evolved with postoperative necrosis, and debridement and daily dressings were performed until recovery and later, it heals by second intention. (AU)

Objetivo: Revisión narrativa de la literatura e informe de cso clínico de úlcera de Marjolin atendida en el Hospital Escuela Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi, haciendo hincapié en la gestión y la evolución de la literatura y cuidados adoptados en el caso discutido. Caso clínico: Hombre de 52 años, con historia de quemadura térmica en la extremidad inferior derecha de unos 25 años, que se desarrolló más tarde con la aparición de lesiones eritematosas, putiforme y pririginosa, convirtiéndose en úlcera y posteriormente ulcerada-vegetante, aumentando de forma progresiva y sin dejar cicatrices asociadas con el dolor y episodios de sangramiento por trauma. Se realiza biopsia incisional histopatología confirmó que este es el carcinoma de células escamosas bien diferenciado desarrollado en el tejido de la cicatriz antigua. Se realizó una resección amplia con lesión sitio de injerto, siendo necesario para llevar a cabo el desbridamiento postoperatorio debido a necrosis. Conclusiones: Cicatrización de heridas crónicas o cambios sufridos ulceradas en su aspecto clínico evoluciona deben ser evaluados como potencialmente carcinomatosa y ulceraciones con tendencia a la cronicidad se debe tratar oportunamente con el uso de injerto, aleta o incluso la amputación si necesario. Áreas de cicatrización siempre deben ser protegidos. El paciente en cuestión requiere una resección extensa del sitio de la lesión con el injerto, que se desarrolló con necrosis después de la operación, que se ha llevado a cabo desbridamiento y curativos diarios para que la recuperación y más tarde, la cicatrización por segunda intención.(AU)